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The ‘best’ planet: Kepler-38

 
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PostWysłany: Wto Maj 04, 2021 1:54 am    Temat postu: The ‘best’ planet: Kepler-38 Odpowiedz z cytatem

The ‘best’ planet: Kepler-38



Among the star systems examined Kepler-35, Kepler-38, and Kepler-64 appear to offer the most benign environment, but one stands out. “Our best candidate for hosting a world that is potentially habitable is the binary system Kepler-38, approximately 3,970 light years from Earth, and known to contain a Neptune-sized planet,” said Georgakarakos.

What are binary star systems?
Just like Tatooine in Star Wars, planets have been found in binary stars systems, some of which even orbit both stars. Of the 2,662 exoplanets found by the Kepler Space Telescope during its mission, only 12 orbit a close pair of stars, but such star systems are thought to be in the majority.

However, until now only giant exoplanets have been discovered in binary systems, probably because smaller planets—like Earth—are very tricky to find.

It was thought that multi-star systems that contain giant Neptune-sized planets would make it harder for rocky Earth-like planets to survive in stable “quiet” orbits.

“We’ve known for a while that binary star systems without giant planets have the potential to harbor habitable worlds,” said coauthor Prof. Ian Dobbs-Dixon of New York University Abu Dhabi. “What we have shown here is that in a large fraction of those systems Earth-like planets can remain habitable even in the presence of giant planets.”

The importance of the ‘habitable zone’
It’s a region around stars in which liquid water could persist on the surface of any as yet undiscovered Earth-like planets and, therefore, life.

“Life is far most likely to evolve on planets located within their system’s habitable zone, just like Earth,” said Georgakarakos. “We show for the first time that Kepler-34, -35, -64, -413 and especially Kepler-38 are suitable for hosting Earth-like worlds with oceans.”

In the other binary systems they studied, the immense gravity of giant planets in those systems would destabilize the orbits of any planets. Planets that are pushed into elliptical orbits may swing in and out of a star’s habitable zone, freezing and thawing and generally making permanent liquid water impossible.

“Of course, there is the possibility that life exists outside the habitable zone or on moons orbiting the giant planets themselves,” said coauthor Dr Siegfried Eggl at the University of Washington. “But that may be less desirable real-estate for us.”

More proof that looking for life0sustaining exoplanets is much like house-hunting—it’s all about location, location, location.

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